Hallacas Food

HALLACAS

Steps:

• For the guiso: Heat 1/4 cup of the oil in a large, heavy-bottomed pot over medium heat until hot. Add the onions and a large pinch salt. Cook over medium-low heat, stirring occasionally, until the onions start to turn translucent and release their liquid, about 10 minutes. Add the diced bell peppers, adobo and bouillon cubes. Add another 1/4 cup oil if the bottom of the pot looks dry. Cook, stirring occasionally, until the bell peppers start to break down and the mixture resembles a dark red-orange soup, about 10 minutes. The heat should be low enough and there should be enough oil so that nothing sticks to the bottom of the pot. Add the leeks, scallions, 3 tablespoons salt and remaining 1/4 cup oil if necessary. Cook, stirring occasionally, until the vegetables break down, about 10 minutes. Add the garlic and capers, stirring occasionally, until the mixture resembles a slaw tossed in a bright brick-red barbecue sauce and some oil, about 10 minutes.
• Once the vegetables have softened and become a homogenous mixture, add both wines, the mustard, Worcestershire and dissolved panela and stir together. Bring to a boil, then lower the heat to a simmer. Taste and add more salt, if necessary.
• Add the pork and beef to the vegetables, stir to combine and bring to a very low simmer. Cook, covered, about 15 minutes. The beef and the pork will have released some juices, so stir to evenly combine everything and redistribute some of the meat from the bottom of the pot to the top. Cover and cook at a low simmer for another 30 minutes. I like to put my ear close to the lid every 5 to 10 minutes. If I hear aggressive bubbling inside I lower the heat so the meat doesn't get tough. Once the 30 minutes are up, taste a piece of beef. It should be tender and fall apart when bitten. If it is still a little tough, cook for 5 to 10 minutes more. If you are doing the process all in 1 day, transfer the guiso to a bowl so it cools faster. If you are spreading out the process over a couple of days, divide the guiso into smaller containers, let cool a bit, then cover and refrigerate overnight.
• For the chicken: Put the chicken in an Instant Pot® or pressure cooker (see Cook's Note). Add 7 cups water, the bouillon cubes, a large pinch salt and the reserved leek tops from the guiso. Follow the manufacturer's guide for locking the lid and preparing to cook. Set the meat setting to medium, turn off the Keep Warm button if you have one and let cook. (If there is no meat button or you are using a standard pressure cooker, pressure cook for 15 minutes.) After the cycle is complete, follow the manufacturer's guide for natural release and wait until the natural-release cycle is complete.
• Remove the chicken to a medium bowl and let cool slightly. Strain the liquid into a large saucepan and reserve 7 cups for the masa. Tear the chicken apart into 1/4-inch chunks and set aside for garnish.
• For the plantain leaves: While the guiso and chicken cool, carefully rinse the plantain leaves, then open them up like a book or pamphlet until you reach the center and are looking at one smooth leaf. The goal is to divide the leaves into three categories: mains, supporters and strips. Or as we call them: las primeras (the firsts), las segundas (the seconds) y las fajas (the strips).
• The mains are the leaves that will directly touch the masa and that you will use to fold the masa over itself. They must be strong and, therefore, can't have any holes. Sometimes you'll buy bags of leaves that will be whole and you'll be able to cut them to your desired size; this is the dream scenario. But, other times, the leaves will have many tears, so arranging them is a bit of a puzzle. Assuming the leaves are roughly the same length, cut each main leaf into a rectangle about 15 inches long; each supporter, about 13 inches long; finally, each strip, ideally 3 to 4 inches wide (just throw the leftover pieces here). You need at least 25 of each, but realistically you'll end up with just enough mains and lots of supporters.
• Sort the leaves into 3 stacks by size, then gently wipe each one dry with a cloth and remove any remaining dirt.
• At this point, my father, the plantain leaf king, wraps 2 cutting boards in plastic wrap: a large rectangular one that's bigger than the largest leaf rectangle; and another that's about a 10-inch round. These will act as a masa press (wrapping them in plastic wrap helps the dough release easily and prevents staining).
• You'll also need what we call a "muñequita" ("little doll"), which is a clean rag for greasing the plantain leaves. Take a rag (cheesecloth works here, too) and create a little ball at one end about 1 1/2-inches wide, then tie it off with kitchen twine, leaving some fabric to use as a handle.
• For the masa: Add 3 tablespoons salt to the saucepan with the chicken broth and heat over medium heat until slightly hot (the hotter the better, but not so hot you can't knead the dough when it's added to the masa), 2 to 5 minutes. It should taste like a salty chicken soup. This is what's going to season your masa! It needs to be flavorful.
• Meanwhile, heat the oil and 2 tablespoons of the annato in a small saucepan over medium heat until the oil turns a beautiful red-orange, about 2 minutes; keep an eye on the seeds so they don't get dark and burn. (The annatto oil stains forever so be careful and use gloves when working with the oil and the dough). Strain the annatto oil into the warm chicken broth and stir to combine. Return the seeds to the small saucepan and set aside.
• This next part is best done with two people: one to drizzle in the annatto broth and one to hold the bowl steady and knead the dough with gloved hands. If you are the drizzler, please know that your job is equally important. (I have been trying to get promoted to kneader for years now, so I can sympathize.) Working in sections, add about 1 cup of the broth to a corner of the cornmeal in a large bowl. Pause and let the kneader (don't forget those gloves!) incorporate the broth until worked into that section of the cornmeal. Taste a little bit of the dough. Is it flavorful? Or does the broth need another pinch or two salt? Let the kneader rotate the bowl; add another cup of the broth and repeat the drizzling and kneading process 2 more times, incorporating more broth into the dryer parts of the dough each time (for a total of about 4 cups broth), then combine and knead them together.
• Once there are no visible grains of cornmeal left, combine all the dough together evenly before adding more broth. My mother kneads it all into a large ball, then flattens it against the bottom of the bowl and pokes holes throughout so that when the broth is drizzled in it doesn't go straight to the edges. Once you have about 3 cups of broth left, transfer the dough to a large roasting pan and continue to knead there. Don't do this on a counter or a cutting board-it will stain. Repeat the process of working the dough together, poking some holes and adding about 1/2 cup of broth 5 more times. (You likely won't need to use that last 1/2 cup of broth but it's good to have.) After adding the fifth 1/2 cup, the dough should get wet enough that it starts to stick to the bottom of the pan a little bit, but once you continue to work it and the dough absorbs the liquid, nothing is left behind on your hands or on the pan. Grab a handful of dough, roll it into a ball and then flatten it. If there are cracks on the side, you need a little bit more liquid. If there are none, you are set. It should feel like a very malleable and soft Play-Doh.
• Weigh the dough and divide by 25 (or 24 if you've been snacking on the dough too much like some people in our household are known to do). Our sweet spot for each portion is between 105 and 112 grams (a little under 4 ounces). Do not go below 100 grams. Divide the dough into equal pieces and roll into balls. Take your time with the rolling; the rounder the balls, the rounder they will be when they are flattened. Cover with a wet dark kitchen towel to keep the dough from drying out.
• For the assembly: Add the shortening and remaining 2 tablespoons annatto seeds to the drained annatto seeds in the small saucepan. Heat over low heat until the shortening melts and turns a deep red color, about 5 minutes. Remove from the heat. If the shortening starts to solidify while wrapping the hallacas, melt over low heat until smooth again.
• Cut kitchen twine into 25 lengths, each about 52 inches long, and set up the following stations:
• Dough flattening: the plastic-wrapped cutting boards, annatto shortening, la muñequita, the "main" plantain leaves and a stack of plates.
• Filling: all of the garnishes including the guiso, bell pepper slivers, chicken, raisins, almonds, capers, olives, bacon, dried plums.
• Wrapping: "supporting" plantain leaves and strips.
• Tying: the twine.
• You've made it to assembling! This is my favorite part. At this point we grab our adult beverages of choice, settle into our stations and turn on gaitas (Venezuelan equivalent of Christmas carols). We also boil a pot of water because it is mandatory to taste hallacas when you are done assembling.
• Your first person will start by placing a "main" leaf, smooth-side up, on the larger wrapped cutting board. Hold the muñequita by the excess fabric and dip the little ball into the melted shortening, then generously grease a 9-inch round onto the center of the leaf. Place a masa ball in the center of the round and flatten with the smaller cutting board until an 8-inch round forms. Put your weight into it! Transfer the leaf with the disk of dough to a plate and pass it off to the filling station.
• The filler will add a little less than 1/2 cup guiso in a straight line on the masa that lines up with 2 of the opposing diagonal corners of the leaf, leaving an inch on either side of the round. Think of this as a burrito that you are going to fold up, so everything needs to be slightly rectangular and in the center with room to fold. Place 1 bell pepper slice on each of the long edges of the filling. Then take a four-finger pinch each (in this order) of chicken, raisins, almonds and capers and sprinkle over the guiso. Top with 2 pieces of the bacon and place 4 olive halves throughout. Top with 2 dried plums, one on each short edge. Pass the plate to the wrapper.
• The wrapper will grab a corner of the leaf that's perpendicular to the line of filling and fold it over and peel the masa off slightly to cover half of the filling lengthwise. Repeat on the other side so the masa overlaps with the first half and the 2 sides of the disk meet each other in the middle. You should have a rectangle of masa rounded off on the short sides, diagonally in the center of the plantain leaf. Using each short side of the leaf, bring in the corresponding short side of the masa to try and cover the edges of filling that are visible. Carefully peel off and pat down the short sides so that the dough sticks to itself and completes the rectangle. Ideally, the filling should be covered but it's not a big deal if it isn't.
• Next, wrap the dough in its "main" plantain leaf like you would a present: Fold over 1 corner of the leaf toward its diagonally opposing corner and create a "crease" at the bottom (this is why you went diagonal with the filling). Repeat on the other side to enclose the dough lengthwise, then fold over the 2 short sides to create something that resembles an open envelope with a triangular flap. Close the envelope by tucking that triangular flap underneath until you have a perfect rectangle. Transfer the rectangle, flap-side down, to the smooth side of a "supporting" leaf, placing the rectangle in the center on a diagonal. Wrap the rectangle, making sure that the edges in particular are well protected; then snip off any protruding triangular flap. The name of the game here is: Keep water from getting into the masa. Once you fold the final flap, stick a strip in the opening and wrap it crosswise around the middle of the rectangle to complete the seal. Pass the hallaca off to the tyer and return the plate to the first station.
• Tie the hallaca also like you would a present. We like 2 rows each of twine going lengthwise and crosswise, which creates a 3 x 3 grid of twine.
• Repeat the wrapping and tying and don't forget to toss your first couple of hallacas into the boiling water, which brings me to the cook!
• Cook the hallacas in rolling, boiling water until the smell of plantain leaves fills up your kitchen, at least 1 hour. Freeze any hallacas you don't cook in sealed plastic bags (we like to double up the bags) for up to 6 months. If you're cooking them from frozen, boil them in batches for 1 hour 15 minutes to 1 hour 30 minutes.
• Once the hallacas have cooked, remove them to the sink with tongs or a large slotted spoon and carefully open up the leaves. If the leaves were well greased, the hallacas will slide off easily. Be careful, since they will be very hot. Try to place the hallaca seam-side down on the plate, if possible, as the top is usually much prettier. Serve immediately.
• Stir to combine all of the ingredients in a small bowl. Use on chicken, beef, pork, rice or vegetables and grains. Makes about 2 tablespoons.

HALLACAS RECIPE

Steps:

• Gather the ingredients.
• Heat the oil in a medium pot over medium-high heat for 3 minutes, then add the annatto seeds, remove from the heat, and let cool, about 30 minutes. Swirl the oil to mix. Strain and discard the seeds. Reserve half of the oil for the masa and half for the filling.
• Add corn meal to a large bowl with 2 cups of water and 1/2 cup annatto-infused oil. Stir to combine, then knead the mixture in the bowl by hand.
• Gradually add enough of the remaining water a bit at a time and continue kneading until the dough is smooth, and soft enough to shape into a ball without any cracks on the surface. Cover in plastic or with a damp towel until ready to use. Alternatively, if the dough is too wet, add more corn meal 1 teaspoons at a time until you reach the proper consistency.
• Heat the remaining 1/2 cup annatto oil in a large pot over medium heat. Add onions and garlic and sauté until translucent, about 2 minutes. Add the bacon and red pepper. Continue to cook until the bacon begins to brown and red pepper begins to soften, about 3 minutes.
• Add the pork, beef, water, wine, and salt. Bring to a boil, lower the heat to low and simmer, uncovered, until the meat is very tender and the liquids in the pot reduce, 30 to 45 minutes.
• Add the parsley, raisins, olives, capers, and paprika. Simmer, stirring occasionally, until the ingredients meld together, another 5 minutes. Cool to room temperature.
• Using kitchen shears, cut banana leaves into 10-inch squares. Remove any center stems without cutting into the leaves. Set out your ingredients in an assembly line: the banana leaves, the hallaca dough, a small bowl of water, and the guiso filling.
• Spread open a banana leaf. The banana leaves have veins running across the surface. Turn the leaf so the veins run horizontally. Spoon about 1/2 cup of dough on the leaf. Wet fingers in the bowl of water and spread dough evenly over the center of the leaf.
• Spoon about 1/2 cup guiso filling over dough.
• Place a couple onion rings, bell pepper slices, olives, capers, and raisins on top.
• Fold the top and bottom edges of the dough over the filling.
• Then bring the top and bottom edges of the banana leaf to meet together over the hallaca. Fold together as shown.
• Turn over and bring side ends together under hallaca. Tie with strips of banana leaves or kitchen twine to secure. Repeat with remaining leaves, dough, and guiso.
• Stack hallacas, folded seams-down, inside a large pot. Cover hallacas with water. Bring water to a boil, then lower heat and simmer until hallacas are cooked through, about 35 minutes.
• Remove hallacas from pot. Cool until able to handle. To eat, unwrap banana leaf, revealing the cooked hallaca.

HALLACAS

Steps:

• Combine beef, pork, water, and garlic in a saucepan. Bring to a boil and cook over medium heat for 45 minutes. Drain and chop coarsely. Add the chickpeas, mixing lightly.
• Heat the oil in a large skillet. Add the tomatoes, onions, peppers, chile, parsley, 2 tsp of salt, vinegar, sugar and the meat mixture. Cook over low heat for 15 minutes stirring occasionally.
• Add the capers, raisins, and olivs. Mix lightly, set aside.
• Mix the cornmeal with a little cold water. Add to the boiling water in a saucepan, stirring constantly. Add the butter and remaining salt. Cook over low heat for 15 minutes. Remove from the heat and add the eggs, beating until a smooth dough is formed.
• Butter a 3-qt round or square baking dish. Line it with 2/3 of the cornmeal mixture and pour the meat mixture into it. Spread the remaining corn meal on top. Cover the dish with a piece of foil and tie it. Place in a pan of water. Bake at 350 deg. F for 1 hour.
• Venezuelan method: The dish is prepared in teh form of tamales. Banana leaves are used for warpping the hallacas, but foil or parchment paper will serve as a substitute. Cut 10in squares of either. Spread about 4 tbsp of the cornmeal dough in the center and press as thin as possible. Place 2 tbsp of the meat mixture on the dough and fold over, sealing the edges as well as possible. If the dough breaks, patch it wiht a little more dough. Fold the paper around the hallacas carefully and tie securely. If foil is used, it is not necessary to tie it. Boil in a large saucepan of salted water for 1.5 hours.

VENEZUELAN CHRISTMAS HALLACAS ALSO SERVED IN COLOMBIA

Steps:

• FOR THE MEAT FILLING: Put beef, pork, and bacon in a large pan. Puree the tomatoes with the peeled onion and garlic. Add mixture to the meat pan along with the salt, marjoram, and leek. Cover and bring to a boil. Lower heat and continue cooking until all meat is tender, about 2 hours.
• When meat is tender, add to the meat mixture the capers, mustard pickles, vinegar, bell pepper, Worcestershire sauce, and sugar. Salt and pepper to taste.
• Raise the heat to high and cook the filling, stirring, until almost all liquid in the pan has evaporated, about 10 minutes. Add the raisins and set filling aside.
• FOR THE MASA DOUGH: Over a low heat, melt 1/3 cup lard with the annatto seeds. Simmer 2 to 3 minutes.
• Whip remaining lard until fluffy. Beat in masa harina, salt, cayenne peper, and water. Finally, beat in melted, strained lard, discarding annatto seeds. Form dough into 24 balls.
• FOR THE FINAL PREPARATIONS: Put a ball of Masa Dough in the center of each corn husk. Flatten dough out to 1/8-inch thickness. Top each masa-coated husk with an equal distribution of the meat mixture, chicken, hard cooked eggs, almonds, pimentos, and olives. Sprinkle on Tabasco sauce to taste.
• Fold corn husks to completely encase the filling. Tie each hallaca with thin strips of corn husk or kitchen string. When tightly assembled, steam halacas for 1 hour. Serve piping hot.
• NOTE: Hallacas are easily refrigerated or frozen. Reheat by steaming again until hot. Makes 24 Hallacas.
• source--Macuto-Sheraton Hotel, Caracas, Venezuela.

PORK AND CHICKEN HALLACAS RECIPE BY TASTY

Steps:

• Make the stew: In a food processor, combine the onion, scallions, red bell pepper, leeks, and sweet red peppers. Pulse until broken down to the consistency of a tapenade.
• In a large pot over medium heat, add the lard and pulsed vegetables. Stir to combine and cook for 1-2 minutes, until softened slightly.
• Add the pork shoulder, canned tomatoes, and Worcestershire sauce and bring to a simmer before adding the marsala, piloncillo, salt, pepper, cumin, tomato paste, and gelatin. Cook for about 4 hours, stirring frequently, until the meat is completely cooked and shreds easily. Remove the pot from the heat, allow to cool and refrigerate the stew overnight.
• Make the dough: In a small pot, cook the lard and annatto seeds over high heat until starting to boil. Remove the pot from the heat and let cool. Strain the lard into a bowl and discard the annatto seeds. Set aside 2 tablespoons of the annatto-infused lard for assembly.
• Add the roasted red peppers to a small food processor and process until liquified.
• Transfer the puréed peppers to the bowl of a stand mixer fitted with the whisk attachment, along with the corn flour and chicken stock. Mix on medium-low speed until the dough starts to come together.
• Gradually add the annatto-infused lard and continue kneading. Add the salt and continue kneading until the dough is firm despite its softness, does not stick to your hands, and has a smooth and shiny appearance when rolled into a ball.
• Roll the dough into 10 balls, each about 2 inches (5 cm) in diameter (the size of a lemon).
• Assemble the hallacas: In a small bowl, mix together the giardiniera and Dijon mustard.
• Clean the banana leaves with a damp kitchen towel and remove the vein at the bottom of the leaf, then cut them into 10 sheets about 12 x 14 inches (30 x 35 cm), 10 middle wrapping sheets, about 12 x 10 inches (25 x 30 cm), and 10 small sheets or "belts", about 4 x 10 inches (10 x 25 cm).
• Toast the leaves on a flat skillet over low heat until they have darkened in color and the leaf is flexible, about 30 seconds.
• Brush the center of a 10 x 12-inch (25 x 30 cm) banana leaf with a bit of the reserved annatto-infused lard. Place a ball of dough on the center of the leaf and use a cutting board wrapped in plastic wrap and brushed with more annatto lard to press flat. Place a heaping spoonful of stew in the center. Top with some shredded chicken, 4 olives, a small handful of raisins, golden raisins, and slivered almonds, and 1 teaspoon of the giardiniera-mustard mixture.
• Carefully fold the hallaca by bringing 2 sides of the leaf together, then folding the sides downward together. Fold in the 2 remaining sides, then turn the hallaca seam-side down.
• Place the hallaca, folds down, on the top edge of a 12 x 14-inch (30 x 35 cm) banana leaf, then roll down the length of the leaf. Fold in the sides to seal.
• Place the hallaca, seam-side down, on the short end of a 4 x 10-inch (10 x 25 cm) leaf. Wrap the "belt" around the hallaca, then tie with twine to secure. Repeat with the remaining ingredients.
• Bring a very large pot of water to a boil over high heat.
• Once the water is boiling, add the hallacas. Reduce the heat to medium, cover, and cook for 50-60 minutes until the banana leaves are muted in color and the filling is fully warmed through.
• Remove the hallacas from the pot and place them on a wire rack set over a baking sheet. Let cool slightly before serving.
• The hallacas will keep in the refrigerator for up to 1 month. If serving at a later time, warm the hallacas in boiling water for 15 minutes.
• Enjoy!